Optimization in Drug Discovery: In Vitro Methods (Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology) - Softcover

9781617374999: Optimization in Drug Discovery: In Vitro Methods (Methods in Pharmacology and Toxicology)

Softcover

ISBN 10: 1617374997 ISBN 13: 9781617374999

Verlag: Humana, 2010

Recent analyses of drug attrition rates reveal that a significant number of drug candidates fail in the later stage of clinical development owing to absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination (ADME), and toxicity issues. Lead optimization in drug discovery, a process attempting to uncover and correct these defects of drug candidates, is highly beneficial in lowering the cost and time to develop therapeutic drugs by reducing drug candidate failures in development. At present, parallel synthesis combining with high-throughput screening has made it easier to generate highly potent compounds (i. e. , hits). However, to be a potential drug, a hit must have drug-like characteristics in addition to potency, which include optimal physicochemical properties, reasonable ph- macokinetic parameters, and good safety profiles. Therefore, research tools must be available in drug discovery to rapidly screen for compounds with favorable drug-like properties, and thus adequate resources can be directed to projects with high potential. Optimization in Drug Discovery: In Vitro Methods is a compilation of detailed experimental protocols necessary for setting up a variety of assays important in compound evaluation. A total of 25 chapters, contributed by many experts in their research areas, cover a wide spectrum of subjects including physicochemical properties, abso- tion, plasma binding, metabolism, drug interactions, and toxicity. A good pharmacokinetic profile has long been recognized as an imp- tant drug-like characteristic. Pharmacokinetic parameters are affected by many properties of drug molecules such as physicochemical nature, abso- tion, metabolic stability, and so on.

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Although parallel synthesis combined with high-throughput screening has made it easier to generate highly potent drug candidates, many of these compounds never make the grade because they either prove to be unsafe or lack the necessary physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties. In Optimization in Drug Discovery: In Vitro Methods, a panel of researchers and experts from leading universities and major pharmaceutical companies from all over the world provide proven solutions to this expensive problem with a collection of cutting-edge experimental protocols for early in vitro evaluation of new chemical entities (NCE). These readily reproducible assays measure such critical parameters as physicochemical properties, adsorption, plasma binding, metabolism, drug interactions, and toxicity. All protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, each one offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Comprehensive and highly practical, Optimization in Drug Discovery: In Vitro Methods systematically collects and describes the key methods for uncovering-as early in the discovery stage as possible-those defects that can eliminate candidate drugs from preclinical and clinical development.

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