Field Performance of Large Critical-Depth Flumes for Measuring Runoff From Semiarid Rangelands (Classic Reprint) - Softcover

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Excerpt from Field Performance of Large Critical-Depth Flumes for Measuring Runoff From Semiarid Rangelands

The critical-depth flumes on Walnut Gulch (fig. 2) are designed with a broad entrance section approximately the size of the original channel section, a 15-foot-long contraction reach with warped sidewalls to force the flow through critical depth, and a 20-foot straight reach. The water-level gaging section is located in the middle of the straight reach (10 feet from the down stream edge of the flume). A bottom slope of 3 percent keeps the flow accelerating throughout the length of the flume and eliminates deposition of the heavy sediment load in the flume. Thus the head measurement is made in the section where the flow is supercritical. The water-surface elevation in the flume is measured by a float-actuated water-level recorder, operating in a stilling well that is built into the structure and connected to the' measuring section by an intake system.

Drainage areas above the five critical-depth flumes now operating on the Walnut Gulch watershed range from to 58 square miles. The original design capacities of these flumes.

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