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Russell A. Barkley, PhD, ABPP, ABCN, is Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the Virginia Treatment Center for Children and Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine. Dr. Barkley has worked with children, adolescents, and families since the 1970s and is the author of numerous bestselling books for both professionals and the public, including Taking Charge of ADHD and Your Defiant Child. He has also published six assessment scales and more than 280 scientific articles and book chapters on ADHD, executive functioning, and childhood defiance, and is editor of the newsletter The ADHD Report. A frequent conference presenter and speaker who is widely cited in the national media, Dr. Barkley is past president of the Section on Clinical Child Psychology (the former Division 12) of the American Psychological Association (APA), and of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. He is a recipient of awards from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the APA, among other honors. His website is www.russellbarkley.org.
PART I. THE NATURE OF ADHD,
1. History of ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 3,
2. Primary Symptoms, Diagnostic Criteria, Subtyping, and Prevalence of ADHD Walter Roberts, Richard Milich, and Russell A. Barkley, 51,
3. Emotional Dysregulation Is a Core Component of ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 81,
4. Developmental and Neuropsychological Deficits in Children with ADHD Lisa L. Weyandt and Bergljot Gyda Gudmundsdottir, 116,
5. Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Children with ADHD Steven R. Pliszka, 140,
6. Educational Impairments in Children with ADHD George J. DuPaul and Joshua M. Langberg, 169,
7. Families and ADHD Charlotte Johnston and Andrea Chronis-Tuscano, 191,
8. Peer Relationships of Children with ADHD Julia D. McQuade and Betsy Hoza, 210,
9. Developmental Progression and Gender Differences among Individuals with ADHD Elizabeth B. Owens, Stephanie L. Cardoos, and Stephen P. Hinshaw, 223,
10. Executive Function Deficits in Adults with ADHD Mary V. Solanto, 256,
11. Health Problems and Related Impairments in Children and Adults with ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 267,
12. Educational, Occupational, Dating and Marital, and Financial Impairments in Adults with ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 314,
13. Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders and Psychological Maladjustment in Adults with ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 343,
14. Etiologies of ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 356,
15. Theories of ADHD Erik G. Willcutt, 391,
16. Executive Functioning and Self-Regulation Viewed as an Extended Phenotype: Implications of the Theory for ADHD and Its Treatment Russell A. Barkley, 405,
17. Concentration Deficit Disorder (Sluggish Cognitive Tempo) Russell A. Barkley, 435,
PART II. ASSESSMENT OF ADHD,
18. Psychological Assessment of Children with ADHD Russell A. Barkley, 455,
19. Psychological Assessment of Adults with ADHD J. Russell Ramsay, 475,
20. Diagnosing ADHD in Adults in the Primary Care Setting Lenard A. Adler and Samuel Alperin, 501,
PART III. TREATMENT OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH ADHD,
21. Training Parents of Youth with ADHD Anil Chacko, Carla C. Allan, Jodi Uderman, Melinda Cornwell, Lindsay Anderson, and Alyssa Chimiklis, 513,
22. Training Families of Adolescents with ADHD Arthur L. Robin, 537,
23. Social Skills Training for Youth with ADHD Amori Yee Mikami, 569,
24. Treatment of ADHD in School Settings Linda J. Pfiffner and George J. DuPaul, 596,
25. Dietary Management of ADHD Elizabeth Hurt and L. Eugene Arnold, 630,
26. Executive Function Training for Children with ADHD Mark D. Rapport, Sarah A. Orban, Michael J. Kofler, Lauren M. Friedman, and Jennifer Bolden, 641,
27. Stimulant and Nonstimulant Medications for Childhood ADHD Daniel F. Connor, 666,
28. Combined Treatments for ADHD Bradley H. Smith and Cheri J. Shapiro, 686,
29. Driving Risk Interventions for Teens with ADHD Gregory A. Fabiano and Nicole K. Schatz, 705,
30. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for ADHD Amanda Bader and Andrew Adesman, 728,
PART IV. TREATMENT OF ADULTS WITH ADHD,
31. Psychological Counseling of Adults with ADHD Kevin R. Murphy, 741,
32. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapies for ADHD Laura E. Knouse, 757,
33. Assessment and Management of ADHD in Educational and Workplace Settings in the Context of ADA Accommodations Michael Gordon, Lawrence J. Lewandowski, and Benjamin J. Lovett, 774,
34. Counseling Couples Affected by Adult ADHD Gina Pera, 795,
35. Pharmacotherapy of ADHD in Adults Jefferson B. Prince, Timothy E. Wilens, Thomas J. Spencer, and Joseph Biederman, 826,
Author Index, 861,
Subject Index, 883,
History of ADHD
russell A. Barkley
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) continues to be the current diagnostic label for children and adults presenting with significant problems with attention, and typically with impulsiveness and excessive activity as well. Children and adults with ADHD represent a rather heterogeneous population that displays considerable variation in the degree of members' symptoms, age of onset, cross-situational pervasiveness of those symptoms, and the extent to which other disorders occur in association with ADHD. The disorder represents one of the most common reasons children with behavioral problems are referred to medical and mental health practitioners in the United States and is one of the most prevalent childhood psychiatric disorders. Currently, referrals of adults for ADHD are also increasing at a rapid pace; until the 1990s and even to date, this age group has been a markedly underrecognized and underserved segment of the ADHD population.
This chapter presents an overview of ADHD's history — a history that spans more than two centuries in the medical and scientific literature. Whereas the previous edition noted that the medical history of ADHD began with Still's description of childhood cases in 1902, we now know that a number of earlier physicians described such cases dating back to the textbook by Melchior Adam Weikard published in German in 1775 (Barkley & Peters, 2012). This extends the history of ADHD in the medical literature back another 127 years. These new additions to the history of ADHD are described below. But given that the history of ADHD as understood from 1902 through 2006 has changed little since the preceding edition of this text (Barkley, 2006), little has been needed to update those sections of this chapter. In contrast, developments since that previous edition are described at the end of this chapter.
In the history of ADHD reside the nascent concepts that serve as the foundation for the current conceptualization of the disorder as largely involving self-regulation and executive functioning, as discussed here by Eric Willcutt (Chapter 15) and myself (Chapter 16). In this history also can be seen the emergence of current notions about its treatment. Such a history remains important for any serious student of ADHD, for it shows that many contemporary themes concerning its nature arose long ago. They have recurred throughout the subsequent history of ADHD to the present as clinicians and scientists strove for a clearer, more accurate understanding of the condition, its comorbid disorders, life course, impairments, and etiologies. Readers are directed to other and earlier sources for additional discussions of the history of this disorder (Accardo & Blondis, 2000; Goldstein & Goldstein, 1998; Kessler, 1980; Ross & Ross, 1976, 1982; Schachar, 1986; Taylor, 2011; Warnke & Riederer, 2013; Werry, 1992).
The Historical Origins of ADHD
The Late 1700s
One can find literary references to individuals having serious problems with inattention, hyperactivity, and poor impulse control in Shakespeare, who made mention of a malady of attention in King Henry VIII. But as of this writing, the medical history of ADHD-like descriptions traces back nearly 240 years to 1775. This early history has been expertly detailed in several sources (Taylor, 2011; Warnke & Riederer, 2013) but should be amended by more recent discoveries in that history, as discussed below.
It now appears that the first description of disorders of attention, at least as of this writing, occurred in the medical...
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Widely regarded as the standard clinical reference, this volume provides the best current knowledge about attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents, and adults. The field's leading authorities address all aspects of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment, including psychological therapies and pharmacotherapy. Core components of ADHD are elucidated. The volume explores the impact of the disorder across a wide range of functional domains--behavior, learning, psychological adjustment, school and vocational outcomes, and health. All chapters conclude with user-friendly Key Clinical Points. New to This Edition Reflects significant advances in research and clinical practice. Expanded with many new authors and new topics. Chapters on cutting-edge interventions: social skills training, dietary management, executive function training, driving risk interventions, complementary/alternative medicine, and therapies for adults. Chapters on the nature of the disorder: neuropsychological aspects, emotional dysregulation, peer relationships, child- and adult-specific domains of impairment, sluggish cognitive tempo, and more. Artikel-Nr. 9781462538874
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