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State of the eUnion

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Contents

Foreword: Government 2.0: Rethinking Government and Democracy for the Digital Age Don Tapscott......................................................17Section I: Government 2.0............................................................................................................................29Gov 2.0: A Promise of Innovation Tim O'Reilly.......................................................................................................33Government 2.0: From the Goverati Adhocracy to Government with the People Mark D. Drapeau...........................................................43The Emergence of Gov 2.0: From GovLoop to the White House Steve Ressler.............................................................................49Structured Crowdsourcing: Harnessing External Expertise in Government Dan Doney.....................................................................63Government in the 21st Century: A State's Perspective David G. Fletcher.............................................................................71Looking to the Future by Learning from the Past Steve Radick........................................................................................81Government 2.0, e-Government and Culture Stephen Collins............................................................................................99A Short History of Government 2.0: From Cool Projects to Policy Impact David Osimo..................................................................111Waiting for Government 2.0: Why Do Public Agencies Take so Long to Embrace Social Media? Alexandra Samuel...........................................125Section II: Opening Government.......................................................................................................................131Data Triggers Transformation W. David Stephenson....................................................................................................147The Power of Government Information Richard Allan...................................................................................................165The Emperor's New Nakedness or How True Transparency will Save Governmental Projects from Utter Failure Tommy Dejbjerg Pedersen.....................173Against Transparency: The Perils of Openness in Government Lawrence Lessig..........................................................................193Section III: Democratizing Government................................................................................................................203Democracy 2.0 Michael Friis.........................................................................................................................213Focusing on Citizens Joanne Caddy...................................................................................................................223e-Participatory Planning: Necessity and Advantage Rolf L|hrs, Bengt Feil & Harald Rathmann...........................................................239Washington Goes to Mr. Smith: Glimpses of the Future of American Democracy? Matt Leighninger........................................................247Section IV: Co-Creation, Innovation & Values.........................................................................................................257Public Administration: Let There Be E-Unification, Again and Again Olov Vstberg.....................................................................263Co-Production of Public Services and Policies: The Role of Emerging Technologies Tony Bovaird, Elke Lvffler & James Downe...........................281Open Value Creation as a Strategic Management Approach Philipp S. M|ller............................................................................289Reaping the Benefits of Government-led Change: Engaging the Public in Creating Value from Investments Chris Potts...................................297Closing Section......................................................................................................................................311Government 2.0 and Onwards John Gxtze & Christian Bering Pedersen...................................................................................319

Chapter One

John Gxtze Lecturer, Copenhagen Business School

Christian Bering Pedersen Consultant, Devoteam Consulting

In his famous Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln stated that "government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth".

In the same November days, but 146 years later, the 5th European Ministerial e-Government Conference will be held in the city of Malmv in southern Sweden. EU Member State ministers responsible for e-Government will meet on the eve of the Conference, November 18, 2009, to agree on a Ministerial Declaration that will set out the path for the field of e-Government up until 2015. The Swedish EU Presidency and the European Commission will then present the signed Ministerial Declaration jointly on the first day of the conference under the heading Teaming up for the eUnion.

Perhaps it would be fitting for the European ministers to review the Gettysburg Address statement, and for them to consider whether this is still the quintessential statement about government - of, by and for the people - or whether the time has come for some rethinking? There are many other prepositions one could use, in addition to these three fine ones, but we suggest one in particular, and that is with: government with the people.

This idea does not come out of the blue. We are actually more describing the zeitgeist of 2009. The book's title, State of the eUnion, is of course a play on words and contexts. First and foremost, there is a reference to 'The State of the Union', the annual address presented by the President of the United States to Congress. This address not only reports on the condition of the nation, but also allows the President to outline his legislative agenda and national priorities to the Congress. In a similar way, this book is both about the current state of government and about ways to deal with the future state of government. The eUnion part of the title is a reference to the minister conference, Teaming Up for the eUnion. The book's reference to the eUnion, however, is not limited to any particular geographical 'union'. With contributions from Europe, North America and Australia, the book's perspective is international.

The subtitle, Government 2.0 and Onwards, indicates that the focus is more towards the future than the past. Government 2.0 is without doubt a concept that has made a breakthrough in government offices, vendor circles, media and, albeit slowly, in academia. In late September 2009, Gartner analyst Andrea DiMaio argued that Government 2.0 is rapidly reaching what Gartner calls the "peak of inflated expectations", with maximum hype around it. This is the highest point in their classic hype cycle, which means the dreaded "trough of disillusionment" is coming up, and that there is still a long way to the "plateau of productivity", where measurable value is delivered.

Government 2.0 is oftentimes understood as social media and web 2.0 in government, or "how government is malting use of web...