Dissociation as Measured by the Freezing Point Lowering and by Conductivity-Bearing on the Hydrate Theory: The Composition of the Hydrates Formed by a Number of Electrolytes (Classic Reprint) - Softcover

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Excerpt from Dissociation as Measured by the Freezing Point Lowering and by Conductivity-Bearing on the Hydrate Theory: The Composition of the Hydrates Formed by a Number of Electrolytes

Lowering of the Freezing Point - An extensive investigation of the freezing point lowerings produced by aqueous solu tions of electrolytes carried out by Jones and Getman,1 and by Jones and Bassett,2 has established the fact that there exists. Between the lowering of the freezing point and the water of crystallization this general relation; namely, that the magni tude of the freezing point lowering of a solution of any given electrolyte is directly dependent upon the number of mole cules of water with which that salt crystallizes from solu tion.

A brief summary of this work, to which reference must be made to the curves in the original article, will bring out more clearly this relation.

If we consider the chlorides of the alkali group, all of which. Are binary salts, we find that the anhydrous salts, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and ammonium chloride, give approximately the same depression of the freezing point with increasing concentration. Lithium chloride, with two mole cules of water of crystallization, gives a considerably greater depression for the same concentrations.

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