Inhaltsangabe
This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916. Excerpt: ... EXERCISE 3 ACIDS, BASES, AND NEUTRAL SUBSTANCES Divide a sheet of paper into three columns and at the head of the columns write the words: Acids Bases Neutral Substances Then test the following substances with litmus paper, using both red and blue (see textbook for effect of these substances on litmus). Water from a well or spigot. Rain water. Apple juice. Lemon juice. Household ammonia. Alcohol. Vinegar. Milk. Sour milk. Baking soda dissolved in water. Cream of tartar in water. Baking powder in water. Common salt in water. Sugar in water. Tomato juice. Wet soap. Cleaning powders in water. Write the names of the substances which turn blue litmus to red in the acid column, those which turn red litmus to blue in the base column, and those which do not affect red or blue litmus in the neutral column. (Sometimes a few minutes are necessary to change the color of the litmus.) Taste the substances whose names are in the acid and base columns. How do they compare? Neutral Substances.--Dissolve two teaspoonfuls of cream of tartar in one-half cup of water and taste it. Dissolve one teaspoonful of baking soda in one-half cup of water and taste. Now slowly pour one solution into the other. After it stops bubbling taste the solution. Put in red litmus paper and then blue litmus paper and note the effect. Now dissolve a teaspoonful of baking powder in half a cup of water. Taste the solution and test it with litmus. How does it compare with the baking soda and cream of tartar mixture? To form a neutral substance of ammonia and vinegar, or of caustic soda and hydrochloric acid, follow the directions in the textbook, page 15. If you should spill some strong acid on your body or on the floor, what would you put on it? Why? If you should spill a strong base, what would you...
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