Allowable pressures on deep foundations - Softcover

Inhaltsangabe

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1907 Excerpt: ... hard ballast, which lay at about 31 feet below low-water level, leaving the top of the monolith at a permanent level of about 4J feet above water level. The ballast was generally found to be very hard, the grab often bringing up large crusts resembling concrete. The sinking of the monoliths was a difficult and anxious process owing to the nature of the strata to be passed through and the danger to the street behind, arising from a bed of quicksand and mud between 19 and 20 feet thick, which caused a large additional amount of excavation rushing in and sometimes filling up the well to a depth of several feet. Old rails and kentledge blocks were used as weights in sinking the caissons. In the first section, the greatest weight put on a block was 220 tons; for the second section 150 tons of special kentledge blocks were cast, and in addition to these there were at the last 200 tons of rails, making the heaviest load 350 tons. The spaces between the monoliths were piled at the back and front, and the material within was cleared out by divers and by a small grab made for the purpose, to a depth in the centre of about 27 feet below the top of the block. This process was a tedious and troublesome one owing to material running in from the back or front or from both. On this substructure was erected the upper wall consisting of sandstone ashlar, facing backed with 1 to 5 cement concrete, to which some rubble was added, and finished with Aberdeen granite coping 4 feet by 1 foot 9 inches. The filling behind the new wall was principally of ashes, but a little of the excavated material was placed at the back of the first length of wall. Mr. W. G. Laws was the Engineer for the work, Mr. P. J. Messent being the Consulting Engineer. The Author acted as the Resident Engine...

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