Optical illusions of reversible perspective; a volume of historical and experimental researches - Softcover

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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1905 Excerpt: ...similar (Wheatstone, 44), because otherwise the perceptions will assert their rights (Lipps, 70). This may be done by viewing the figure at greater range (Loeb, 54) or partly covering the drawing (Hoppe, 57; also 68). Moreover, Mach (59) establishes as one condition a certain fixation, Wheatstone (40) considers that the "clear idea' must be accompanied by following the lines ocularly, while M iinsterberg's and James'qualifications really amount to making the sensations of the eyes primal and paramount. Whatever view may finally be taken, it seems conservative to con-1 elude that the perspectives can never be absolutely controlled (monoperspectivity) or unconditionally reversed by mere activity of will, imagination or judgment. It is hopeless to believe that the speed of reversion can be made to keep up with the fastest speed of substituting the representations; nor can the two be synchronized with slow speeds; and with the latter reversions may occur that are due purely to the instability of thefigure(we can scarcely assume a corres i What the elements involved in these powers are cannot be de'ned from the results. Two af'rmed that they merely "mentally pictured" the desired perspective, which was attended with a strain sensation. ponding instability in the will or imagination) or to other factors that come into play with time. So that, (1) it would be a leap into the dark to ascribe the results to these powers, or (2), if they are operative, their potency is limited. By this conclusion we do not desire to create the impression of underestimating the role that the mental part does and may play in these illusions. We have already (129) referred to the importance of association and habit. In particular, the fact, as has been pointed out (75), t...

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