A LETTERation Final and Middle Sounds

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Catherine Thompson-Alexander is the author of "WH Question Blast Off", an expressive language arts game published by Super Duper Publications, Inc. Catherine has worked in both public schools and private practice as a trained speech and language therapist. She has worked with a wide array of communication disorders with both children and adults. Catherine Thompson-Alexander now works as a speech and language therapist educating children to develop pre-literacy skills through phonological awareness activities.

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Phonemic awareness skills are an essential part of your child s process to be able to read. She needs to understand that words and syllables are made up of a series of sounds put together. Instruction in phonemic awareness skills needs to begin in the preschool years. Children need to have a well-developed sense of the speech sounds that the letters represent. There are different levels of difficulty in developing these phonological awareness skills. Examples of activities to develop these skills include:

1. Knowing the name and shape of each letter (the letter name is constant; it never changes)
2. Knowing the sounds each letter makes
3. Deciding if words rhyme (ability to match up the ends of words, to decide if all the sounds are the same, except the beginning sound)
4. Generating rhyming words
5. Syllable counting (clapping the number of syllables in words; for example, their name)
6. Alliteration games attention to the initial sounds of words (Susie Saw Seashells, sort picture words into groups by their initial consonant sounds)
7. Counting words in a sentence (helps the child understand that sentences are composed of separate words, can use objects such as blocks to represent each word heard in the sentence)
8. Blending 2 to 3 phonemes (c a t)
9. Segmentation breaking words apart into sounds:
Identifying the initial sounds of words
Identifying the final sounds of words
Identifying the middle sounds of words
Take away part of word (say a compound word, then ask the child to say the word that remains after taking part of the word away)
Substituting one sound in a word to make a different word
Phoneme deletion (take a sound out of a word and then combine the remaining sounds)

Activities that involve distinguishing sounds in words help develop skills to prepare for reading. A LETTERation Final and Middle Sounds includes word lists for the final sound position and the middle sound position for the consonants. Students generate words that end with the same sound or words with the same middle sounds in response to words read orally. Picture cues accompany each final and middle sound. Excellent resource for auditory bombardment. Supplemental practice section provided.