The Cable Car in America. A New Treatise Upon Cable or Rope Traction as Applied to the Working of Street Andother Railways - Hardcover

Cable Car in America, The: A new treatise upon cable or rope traction as applied to the working of street and other railways

Hardcover in Dustjacket. Zustand: FINE! RAILWAYS -Massive history of the narrow gauge lines of the USA with detailed listings and histories etc 484 pages : illustrations ; 29 cmFirst Edition #080725AÂcable carÂ(usually known as aÂcable tramÂoutside North America) is a type ofÂcable railwayÂused forÂmass transitÂin which rail cars are hauled by a continuously movingÂcableÂrunning at a constant speed. Individual cars stop and start by releasing and gripping this cable as required. Cable cars are distinct fromÂfuniculars, where the cars are permanently attached to the cable.Cable Driving Plant, Designed and Constructed by Poole & Hunt, Baltimore, MD. Drawing by P.F. Goist, circa 1882. The powerhouse has two horizontal single-cylinder engines. The lithograph shows a hypothetical prototype of a cable powerhouse, rather than any actual built structure.[1]ÂPoole & Hunt, machinists and engineers, was a major cable industry designer and contractor and manufacturer of gearing, sheaves, shafting and wire rope drums. They did work for cable railways in Baltimore, Chicago, Hoboken, Kansas City, New York, and Philadelphia.[2]The first cable-operated railway to use a moving rope that could be picked up or released by aÂgripÂon the cars was theÂFawdon Wagonway, aÂcolliery railway lineÂthat opened in 1826.[3][4]Another began operation in 1840: theÂLondon and Blackwall Railway, which hauled passengers in eastÂLondon, England.[5]ÂThe rope available at the time proved too susceptible to wear and the system was abandoned in favour ofÂsteam locomotivesÂafter eight years.In America, the first cable car installation in operation probably was theÂWest Side and Yonkers Patent Railway,ÂNew York City's first-everÂelevated railway, which ran from 1 July 1868 to 1870. The collar-equipped cables and claw-equipped cars proving cumbersome, and the line was closed and rebuilt to operate withÂsteam locomotives.In 1869,ÂP. G. T. BeauregardÂdemonstrated a cable car atÂNew Orleans[6][7][8]Âand was issuedÂU.S. patent 97,343.In 1873, theÂClay Street Hill Railroad, which later became part of theÂSan Francisco cable car system, was first tested. Promoted byÂAndrew Smith HallidieÂwith design work byÂWilliam Eppelsheimer, the line's grips became the model for other cable car transit systems, whose cars were often known as theÂHallidie Cable Car.In 1881, the first such system opened outside San Francisco: theÂDunedin cable tramway systemÂinÂDunedin,ÂNew Zealand. For Dunedin,ÂGeorge Smith DuncanÂfurther developed the Hallidie model, introducing the pull curve and the slot brake; the former was a way to pull cars through a curve, since Dunedin's curves were too sharp to allow coasting, while the latter forced a wedge down into the cable slot to stop the car. Both of these innovations were generally adopted by other cities, including San Francisco.In Australia: theÂMelbourne cable tramway systemÂoperated from 1885 to 1940 and was one of the most extensive in the world with 1200 trams and trailers operating over 15 routes with 103Âkm (64 miles) of track; while Sydney had two cable tram routes - Milsons Point to North Sydney (1886-1905) and King Street Wharf to Edgecliff (1894-1905).[9]Cable cars rapidly spread to other cities, although the major attraction for most was the ability to displaceÂhorsecarÂ(orÂmule-drawn) systems rather than the ability to climb hills. Many people at the time viewed horse-drawn transit as unnecessarily cruel, and the fact that a typical horse could work only four or five hours per day necessitated the maintenance of largeÂstablesÂofÂdraft animalsÂthat had to be fed, housed, groomed, medicated and rested. Thus, for a period, economics worked in favour of cable cars even in relatively flat cities.For example, theÂChicago City Railway, also designed by Eppelsheimer, opened inÂChicagoÂin 1882 and went on to become the largest and most profitableÂcable car system. As with many cities, the problem in flat Chicago was not one of incline, but of transportation capacity. This caused a different approach to the combination of grip car and trailer. Rather than using a grip car and single trailer, as many cities did, or combining the grip and trailer into a single car, like San Francisco'sÂCalifornia Cars, Chicago used grip cars to pull trains of up to three trailers.In 1883 theÂNew York and Brooklyn Bridge RailwayÂwas opened, which had a most curious feature: though it was a cable car system, it usedÂsteam locomotivesÂto get the cars into and out of the terminals. After 1896 the system was changed to one on which a motor car was added to each train to maneuver at the terminals, while en route, the trains were still propelled by the cable.On 25 September 1883, a test of a cable car system was held byÂLiverpool Tramways CompanyÂinÂKirkdale,ÂLiverpool. This would have been the first cable car system in Europe, but the company decided against implementing it. Instead, the distinction went to the 1884ÂHighgate Hill Cable Tramway, a route fromÂArchwayÂtoÂHighgate, north London, which used a continuous cable and grip system on the 1 in 11 (9%) climb of Highgate Hill. The installation was not reliable and was replaced by electric traction in 1909.[10]ÂOther cable car systems were implemented in Europe, though, among which was theÂGlasgow District Subway, the first underground cable car system, in 1896. (London, England's first deep-level tube railway, theÂCity & South London Railway, had earlier also been built for cable haulage but had been converted to electric traction before opening in 1890.) A few more cable car systems were built in theÂUnited Kingdom,ÂPortugal, andÂFrance. European cities, having many more curves in their streets, were ultimately less suitable for cable cars than American cities.Though some new cable car systems were still being built, by 1890 the cheaper to construct and simpler to operateÂelectrically-poweredÂtrolleyÂor tram started to become the norm, and eventually started to replace existing cable car systems. For a while hybrid cable/e. Artikel-Nr. 91244

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