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""The Ecuador Reader "is a gateway for understanding the volatile and intriguing history of this complex, multicultural land. From Jose Maria Velasco Ibarra's fiery populism to the politics of a contemporary beauty pageant, the book captures the rich diversity of the country's past and present. It is a major contribution to the study of the Andean world."--Catherine M. Conaghan, Queen's University

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THE ECUADOR READER

DUKE UNIVERSITY PRESS

Contents

Acknowledgments.....................................................................................................................................................ixIntroduction........................................................................................................................................................1I Conquest and Colonial Rule........................................................................................................................................9Tamara Bray. Ecuador's Pre-columbian Past..........................................................................................................................15Frank Salomon. Ancestors, Grave Robbers, and the Possible Antecedents of Caari "Inca-ism".........................................................................27Susan V. Webster. Building a Life in Colonial Quito: Jos Jaime Ortiz, Architect and Entrepreneur..................................................................40Sherwin K. Bryant. Finding Freedom: Slavery in Colonial Ecuador....................................................................................................52Karen Vieira Powers. A Battle of Wills: Inventing Chiefly Legitimacy in the Colonial North Andes...................................................................68Sarah C. Chambers. Manuela Senz: Americana or Quitea?............................................................................................................79Blanca Muratorio. The State, Missionaries, and Native Consciousness in the Upper Amazon, 1767-1896.................................................................86II A New Nation.....................................................................................................................................................99Andrs Guerrero. The Construction of a Ventriloquist's Image: Liberal Discourse and the "Miserable Indian Race" in the Late Nineteenth Century.....................103Friedrich Hassaurek. Four Years among the Ecuadorians..............................................................................................................117Juan Montalvo. Selection from Juan Montalvo (1832-1889)............................................................................................................121A. Kim Clark. Railway and Nation in Liberal Ecuador................................................................................................................126Ronn Pineo. Guayaquil and Coastal Ecuador during the Cacao Era.....................................................................................................136Rob Rachowiecki. Mountaineering on the Equator: A Historical Perspective...........................................................................................148III The Rise of the Popular.........................................................................................................................................155Albert B. Franklin. Portrait of a People...........................................................................................................................159Jos Mara Velasco Ibarra. You are not my President................................................................................................................163Raphael V. Lasso. The Wonderland...................................................................................................................................167Jorge Icaza. Patrn and Peon on an Andean Hacienda.................................................................................................................169Pablo Palacio. The man Who Was Kicked to death.....................................................................................................................175Henri Michaux. The Indian's Cabin..................................................................................................................................182Jos Mara Velasco Ibarra. "Heroic Pueblo of Guayaquil"............................................................................................................185IV Global Currents..................................................................................................................................................189Galo Plaza Lasso. Two Experiments in Education for Democracy.......................................................................................................193Adrin Bonilla. The Origins of the Ecuadorian Left.................................................................................................................200Carmen Martnez Novo. The Progressive Catholic Church and the Indigenous Movement in Ecuador.......................................................................203Salomon Isacovici and Juan Manuel Rodrguez. Man Of Ashes..........................................................................................................209Pablo Cuvi. Men of the Rails and of the Sea........................................................................................................................218Jean Muteba Rahier. Creolization and African Diaspora Cultures: The Case of the Afro-Esmeraldian Dcimas...........................................................226Hernn Ibarra. Julio Jaramillo and Music as Identity...............................................................................................................237Steve Striffler. The United Fruit Company's Legacy in Ecuador......................................................................................................239Tom Miller. The Panama Hat Trail...................................................................................................................................250Diane C. Bates. Deforestation in Ecuador...........................................................................................................................257Carlos de la Torre. Civilization and Barbarism.....................................................................................................................267Felipe Burbano de Lara. Deinstitutionalized Democracy..............................................................................................................271V Domination and Struggle...........................................................................................................................................277Carlos de la Torre. Nina Pacari, an Interview......................................................................................................................279Sarah A. Radcliffe. Women's Movements in Twentieth-century Ecuador.................................................................................................284Pablo Ospina. The Galpagos: Environmental Pressures and Social Opportunities......................................................................................297Norman E. Whitten Jr. Emerald Freedom: "With Pride in the Face of the Sun".........................................................................................302Suzana Sawyer. Suing Chevron Texaco................................................................................................................................321Dorothea Scott Whitten. Arts of Amazonian and Andean Women.........................................................................................................329VI Cultures and Identities...