The Instant of My Death /Demeure: Fiction and Testimony (Meridian Series) - Softcover

Blanchot, Maurice; Derrida, Jacques

 
9780804733267: The Instant of My Death /Demeure: Fiction and Testimony (Meridian Series)

Inhaltsangabe

This volume records a remarkable encounter in critical and philosophical thinking: a meeting of two of the great pioneers in contemporary thought, Maurice Blanchot and Jacques Derrida, who are also bound together by friendship and a complex relation to their own pasts. More than a literary text with critical commentary, it constitutes an event of central significance for contemporary philosophical, literary, and political concerns.

The book consists of The Instant of My Death, a powerful short prose piece by Blanchot, and an extended essay by Derrida that reads it in the context of questions of literature and of bearing witness. Blanchot's narrative concerns a moment when a young man is brought before a firing squad during World War II and then suddenly finds himself released from his near death. The incident, written in the third person, is suggestively autobiographical-from the title, several remarks in the text, and a letter Blanchot wrote about a similar incident in his own life-but only insofar as it raises questions for Blanchot about what such an experience might mean. The accident of near death becomes, in the instant the man is released, the accident of a life he no longer possesses. The text raises the question of what it means to write about a (non)experience one cannot claim as one's own, and as such is a text of testimony or witness.

Derrida's reading of Blanchot links the problem of testimony to the problem of the secret and to the notion of the instant. It thereby provides the elements of a more expansive reassessment of literature, testimony, and truth. In addressing the complex relation between writing and history, Derrida also implicitly reflects on questions concerning the relation between European intellectuals and World War II.

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Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Stanford has published two books by Maurice Blanchot: Friendship (1997) and The Work of Fire (1995). Stanford has published seven books by Jacques Derrida, most recently Adieu to Emmanuel Levinas (1999).

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This volume records a remarkable encounter in critical and philosophical thinking: a meeting of two of the great pioneers in contemporary thought, Maurice Blanchot and Jacques Derrida, who are also bound together by friendship and a complex relation to their own pasts. More than a literary text with critical commentary, it constitutes an event of central significance for contemporary philosophical, literary, and political concerns.
The book consists of The Instant of My Death, a powerful short prose piece by Blanchot, and an extended essay by Derrida that reads it in the context of questions of literature and of bearing witness. Blanchot’s narrative concerns a moment when a young man is brought before a firing squad during World War II and then suddenly finds himself released from his near death. The incident, written in the third person, is suggestively autobiographical—from the title, several remarks in the text, and a letter Blanchot wrote about a similar incident in his own life—but only insofar as it raises questions for Blanchot about what such an experience might mean. The accident of near death becomes, in the instant the man is released, the accident of a life he no longer possesses. The text raises the question of what it means to write about a (non)experience one cannot claim as one’s own, and as such is a text of testimony or witness.
Derrida’s reading of Blanchot links the problem of testimony to the problem of the secret and to the notion of the instant. It thereby provides the elements of a more expansive reassessment of literature, testimony, and truth. In addressing the complex relation between writing and history, Derrida also implicitly reflects on questions concerning the relation between European intellectuals and World War II.

Aus dem Klappentext

This volume records a remarkable encounter in critical and philosophical thinking: a meeting of two of the great pioneers in contemporary thought, Maurice Blanchot and Jacques Derrida, who are also bound together by friendship and a complex relation to their own pasts. More than a literary text with critical commentary, it constitutes an event of central significance for contemporary philosophical, literary, and political concerns.
The book consists of The Instant of My Death, a powerful short prose piece by Blanchot, and an extended essay by Derrida that reads it in the context of questions of literature and of bearing witness. Blanchot s narrative concerns a moment when a young man is brought before a firing squad during World War II and then suddenly finds himself released from his near death. The incident, written in the third person, is suggestively autobiographical from the title, several remarks in the text, and a letter Blanchot wrote about a similar incident in his own life but only insofar as it raises questions for Blanchot about what such an experience might mean. The accident of near death becomes, in the instant the man is released, the accident of a life he no longer possesses. The text raises the question of what it means to write about a (non)experience one cannot claim as one s own, and as such is a text of testimony or witness.
Derrida s reading of Blanchot links the problem of testimony to the problem of the secret and to the notion of the instant. It thereby provides the elements of a more expansive reassessment of literature, testimony, and truth. In addressing the complex relation between writing and history, Derrida also implicitly reflects on questions concerning the relation between European intellectuals and World War II.

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THE INSTANT OF MY DEATH

By Maurice Blanchot

Stanford University Press

Copyright © 2000 Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-8047-3326-7

Contents

§ THE INSTANT OF MY DEATH Maurice Blanchot, 1,
§ DEMEURE: FICTION AND TESTOMONY Jacques Derrida, 13,
Reading "beyond the beginning"; or, On the Venom in Letters: Postscript and "Literary Supplement", 104,
Notes, 111,


CHAPTER 1

§ The Instant of My Death


I REMEMBER a young man—a man still young—prevented from dying by death itself—and perhaps the error of injustice.

The Allies had succeeded in getting a foothold on French soil. The Germans, already vanquished, were struggling in vain with useless ferocity.

In a large house (the Château, it was called), someone knocked at the door rather timidly. I know that the young man came to open the door to guests who were presumably asking for help.

This time, a howl: "Everyone outside."

A Nazi lieutenant, in shamefully normal French, made the oldest people exit first, and then two young women.

"Outside, outside." This time, he was howling. The young man, however, did not try to flee but advanced slowly, in an almost priestly manner. The lieutenant shook him, showed him the casings, bullets; there had obviously been fighting; the soil was a war soil.

The lieutenant choked in a bizarre language. And putting the casings, the bullets, a grenade under the nose of tant sous le nez de l'homme déjà moins jeune (on vieillit vite) les douilles, les balles, une grenade, cria distinctement: "Voilà à quoi vous êtes parvenu."

Le nazi mit en rang ses hommes pour atteindre, selon les règles, la cible humaine. Le jeune homme dit: "Faites au moins rentrer ma famille." Soit: la tante (94 ans), sa mère plus jeune, sa soeur et sa belle-soeur, un long et lent cortège, silencieux, comme si tout était déjà accompli.

Je sais—le sais-je—que celui que visaient déjà les Allemands, n'attendant plus que l'ordre final, éprouva alors un sentiment de légèreté extraordinaire, une sorte de béatitude (rien d'heureux cependant),—allégresse souveraine? La rencontre de la mort et de la mort?

A sa place, je ne chercherai pas à analyser ce sentiment de légèreté. Il était peut-être tout à coup invincible. Mort—immortel. Peut-être l'extase. Plutôt le sentiment de compassion pour l'humanité souffrante, le bonheur de n'être pas immortel ni éternel. Désormais, il fut lié à la mort, par une amitié subreptice.

A cet instant, brusque retour au monde, éclata le bruit considérable d'une proche bataille. Les camarades du maquis voulaient porter secours à celui qu'ils savaient en danger. Le lieutenant s'éloigna pour se rendre compte. Les Allemands restaient en ordre, prêts à demeurer ainsi dans une immobilité qui arrêtait le temps.

Mais voici que l'un d'eux s'approcha et dit d'une voix ferme: "Nous, pas allemands, russes," et, dans une sorte de rire: "armée Vlassov," et il lui fit signe de disparaître.

Je crois qu'il s'éloigna, toujours dans le sentiment de légèreté, au point qu'il se retrouva dans un bois éloigné, nommé "Bois des bruyères," où il demeura abrité par les arbres qu'il connaissait bien. C'est dans le bois épais que tout à coup, et après combien de temps, il retrouva le sens du réel. Partout, des incendies, une suite de feu continu, the man already less young (one ages quickly), he distinctly shouted: "This is what you have come to."

The Nazi placed his men in a row in order to hit, according to the rules, the human target. The young man said, "At least have my family go inside." So it was: the aunt (ninety-four years old); his mother, younger; his sister and his sister-in-law; a long, slow procession, silent, as if everything had already been done.

I know—do I know it—that the one at whom the Germans were already aiming, awaiting but the final order, experienced then a feeling of extraordinary lightness, a sort of beatitude (nothing happy, however)—sovereign elation? The encounter of death with death?

In his place, I will not try to analyze. He was perhaps suddenly invincible. Dead—immortal. Perhaps ecstasy. Rather the feeling of compassion for suffering humanity, the happiness of not being immortal or eternal. Henceforth, he was bound to death by a surreptitious friendship.

At that instant, an abrupt return to the world, the considerable noise of a nearby battle exploded. Comrades from the maquis wanted to bring help to one they knew to be in danger. The lieutenant moved away to assess the situation. The Germans stayed in order, prepared to remain thus in an immobility that arrested time.

Then one of them approached and said in a firm voice, "We're not Germans, Russians," and, with a sort of laugh, "Vlassov army," and made a sign for him to disappear.

I think he moved away, still with the feeling of lightness, until he found himself in a distant forest, named the "Bois des bruyères," where he remained sheltered by trees he knew well. In the dense forest suddenly, after how much time, he rediscovered a sense of the real. Everywhere fires, a continuous succession of fires; all the farms were burning. A little later, he learned that three young toutes les fermes brûlaient. Un peu plus tard, il apprit que trois jeunes gens, fils de fermiers, bien étrangers à tout combat, et qui n'avaient pour tort que leur jeunesse, avaient été abattus.

Même les chevaux gonflés, sur la route, dans les champs, attestaient une guerre qui avait duré. En réalité, combien de temps s'était-il écoulé? Quand le lieutenant était revenu et qu'il s'était rendu compte de la disparition du jeune châtelain, pourquoi la colère, la rage, ne l'avaient-elles pas poussé à brûler le Château (immobile et majestueux)? C'est que c'était le Château. Sur la façade était inscrite, comme un souvenir indestructible, la date de 1807. Etaitil assez cultivé pour savoir que c'était l'année fameuse de Iéna, lorsque Napoléon, sur son petit cheval gris, passait sous les fenêtres de Hegel qui reconnut en lui "l'âme du monde," ainsi qu'il l'écrivit à un ami? Mensonge et vérité, car, comme Hegel l'écrivit à un autre ami, les Français pillèrent et saccagèrent sa demeure. Mais Hegel savait distinguer l'empirique et l'essentiel. En cette année 1944, le lieutenant nazi eut pour le Château le respect ou la considération que les fermes ne suscitaient pas. Pourtant on fouilla partout. On prit quelque argent; dans une pièce séparée, "la chambre haute," le lieutenant trouva des papiers et une sorte d'épais manuscrit—qui contenait peut-être des plans de guerre. Enfin il partit. Tout brûlait, sauf le Château. Les Seigneurs avaient été épargnés.

Alors commença sans doute pour le jeune homme le tourment de l'injustice. Plus d'extase; le sentiment qu'il n'était vivant que parce que, même aux yeux des Russes, il appartenait à une classe noble.

C'était cela, la guerre: la vie pour les uns, pour les autres, la...

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ISBN 10:  0804733252 ISBN 13:  9780804733250
Verlag: Stanford University Press, 2000
Hardcover