Jews and the Military: A History - Softcover

Shortlisted for the 2014 Sophie Brody Medal, Reference and User Services Association (RUSA) of the American Library Association "Penslar offers a deep perspective ... he enlivens his study with literary references and a wide-ranging history that offers revelations on nationalism, empire, and identity."--Anna Altman, New York Times Book Review "This work of meticulous scholarship, based on sources in seven languages, sets out to correct deeply ingrained myths concerning Jews and military service. Drawing on evidence from the 17th century onward, Penslar puts to rest the common notions that Jews were wholly unsuited to be soldiers--too physically feeble, inherently cowardly, and disinterested to fight for the countries where they happened to be living... This important book is balanced in its judgments and full of useful information."--Choice "Penslar shows very effectively that there was a lot of middle ground between Jews of the Mosaic persuasion who disavowed any special connection with their foreign coreligionists and ardent Zionists who denied that the Jews could ever really belong to a nation other than their own... Many [Jewish Historians] will no doubt be tantalized into pursuing the innumerable fascinating leads that Penslar provides."--Allan Arkush, Jewish Review of Books "Remarkable... [A] fascinating, meticulous survey."--Lawrence Freedman, Jewish Chronicle "It is wide-ranging, in history and in the coverage of countries... This is a very well-researched book, and the author has used publications in a number of languages."--Harold Pollins, Bulletin of the Military Historical Society "Jews and the Military is a thoughtful and very readable study... Penslar's work clearly demonstrates that the story of Jews in the military is not a case of all or nothing; the truth is somewhere in between."--Catherine D. Chatterley, American Historical Review "Professor Penslar's book treats Jews and the military, perhaps for the first time, as a coherent subject of study rather than a series of individual conflicts... To write a book on a single subject is challenge enough. To range across such a vast canvas of history and geography, through the prism of a coherent unity, is a remarkable achievement."--Jonathan Lewis, Jewish Historical Studies "This book offers remarkably new ways of thinking about the relationship between Jews and the military beyond the context of modern Israel. It also weaves Jewish history, which is so often disconnected from scholarship on the predominantly Gentile countries in which the vast majority of the world's Jews lived for centuries, into larger historiographies in a way that makes the text stimulating reading for specialists in a variety of fields."--Christopher Tozzi, The Journal of Modern History "Penslar's pioneering volume is certain to become a core work in the field."--David Rodman, Israel Affairs "[A] groundbreaking book."--Sheldon Kirshner, The Times of Israel blog "The book as a whole offers a radical reassessment of the Jewish diaspora's rich martial heritage. For the non-Jewish specialist or any military historian, there is much to learn here from its transnational approach, its sources, and its incisive analysis of conflicted loyalties, notably how they might be viewed by the state, the community, or the individual."--Mark Cornwall, Journal of Jewish Studies

Jews and the Military is the first comprehensive and comparative look at Jews' involvement in the military and their attitudes toward war from the 1600s until the creation of the state of Israel in 1948. Derek Penslar shows that although Jews have often been described as people who shun the army, in fact they have frequently been willing, even eager, to do military service, and only a minuscule minority have been pacifists. Penslar demonstrates that Israel's military ethos did not emerge from a vacuum and that long before the state's establishment, Jews had a vested interest in military affairs. Spanning Europe, North America, and the Middle East, Penslar discusses the myths and realities of Jewish draft dodging, how Jews reacted to facing their coreligionists in battle, the careers of Jewish officers and their reception in the Jewish community, the effects of World War I on Jewish veterans, and Jewish participation in the Spanish Civil War and World War II. Penslar culminates with a study of Israel's War of Independence as a Jewish world war, which drew on the military expertise and financial support of a mobilized, global Jewish community. He considers how military service was a central issue in debates about Jewish emancipation and a primary indicator of the position of Jews in any given society. Deconstructing old stereotypes, Jews and the Military radically transforms our understanding of Jews' historic relationship to war and military power.