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The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism - Hardcover

Buswell, Robert E., Jr.; Lopez, Donald S., Jr.

 
9780691157863: The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
Hardcover
ISBN 10: 0691157863 ISBN 13: 9780691157863
Verlag: Princeton University Press, 2013

Inhaltsangabe

The most comprehensive and authoritative dictionary of Buddhism ever produced in English

With more than 5,000 entries totaling over a million words, this is the most comprehensive and authoritative dictionary of Buddhism ever produced in English. It is also the first to cover terms from all of the canonical Buddhist languages and traditions: Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean. Unlike reference works that focus on a single Buddhist language or school, The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism bridges the major Buddhist traditions to provide encyclopedic coverage of the most important terms, concepts, texts, authors, deities, schools, monasteries, and geographical sites from across the history of Buddhism. The main entries offer both a brief definition and a substantial short essay on the broader meaning and significance of the term covered. Extensive cross-references allow readers to find related terms and concepts. An appendix of Buddhist lists (for example, the four noble truths and the thirty-two marks of the Buddha), a timeline, six maps, and two diagrams are also included.

Written and edited by two of today's most eminent scholars of Buddhism, and more than a decade in the making, this landmark work is an essential reference for every student, scholar, or practitioner of Buddhism and for anyone else interested in Asian religion, history, or philosophy.

  • The most comprehensive dictionary of Buddhism ever produced in English
  • More than 5,000 entries totaling over a million words
  • The first dictionary to cover terms from all of the canonical Buddhist languages and traditions—Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan, Chinese, Japanese, and Korean
  • Detailed entries on the most important terms, concepts, texts, authors, deities, schools, monasteries, and geographical sites in the history of Buddhism
  • Cross-references and appendixes that allow readers to find related terms and look up equivalent terms in multiple Buddhist languages
  • Includes a list of Buddhist lists, a timeline, and maps
  • Also contains selected terms and names in Thai, Burmese, Vietnamese, Lao, Khmer, Sinhalese, Newar, and Mongolian

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Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Robert E. Buswell Jr. holds the Irving and Jean Stone Endowed Chair in Humanities at the University of California, Los Angeles, where he is also Distinguished Professor of Buddhist Studies and founding director of the Center for Buddhist Studies. He is the editor-in-chief of the two-volume Encyclopedia of Buddhism and the author of The Zen Monastic Experience (Princeton), among many other books. Donald S. Lopez Jr. is the Arthur E. Link Distinguished University Professor of Buddhist and Tibetan Studies at the University of Michigan. He is the author of The Tibetan Book of the Dead: A Biography and the editor of Buddhism in Practice (both Princeton), among many other books.

Von der hinteren Coverseite

"This is without a doubt the most comprehensive, authoritative, and useful dictionary of Buddhism that there is. In reading it, I learned more about my field, in a serendipitous way, than I have from any other single book."--John S. Strong, Bates College

"This will become the new standard reference in the field. Every scholar and graduate student in Buddhist studies will want a copy, as will every college instructor assigned to teach an introduction to Buddhism course. I wish I had had a work like this when I first began teaching. This is a truly monumental contribution to the field."--Lori Meeks, University of Southern California

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The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism

By Robert E. Buswell Jr., Donald S. Lopez Jr.

PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS

Copyright © 2014 Princeton University Press
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-691-15786-3

Contents

Preface....................................................................vii
Acknowledgments............................................................ix
Conventions................................................................xi
Transcription Systems......................................................xiii
Asian Historical Periods...................................................xv
Timeline of Buddhism.......................................................xix
Maps.......................................................................
Cradle of Buddhism.........................................................xxv
Ancient India..............................................................xxvi
Ancient China..............................................................xxvii
Japan and Korea............................................................xxviii
Tibet......................................................................xxix
Routes of Chinese Pilgrims.................................................xxx
Mount Sumeru World System (overview).......................................xxxi
Mount Sumeru World System (side view)......................................xxxii
Entries A–Z 1–1063.........................................................
List of Lists..............................................................1065
Cross-References by Language...............................................
Chinese Cross-References...................................................1103
Japanese Cross-References..................................................1135
Korean Cross-References....................................................1177
Pali Cross-References......................................................1219
Sanskrit Cross-References..................................................1229
Tibetan Cross-References...................................................1231
Tibetan Phonetic Cross-References..........................................1259


CHAPTER 1

A


A. The first vowel and letter in the Sanskrit alphabet. Thephoneme "a" is thought to be the source of all other phonemesand its corresponding letter the origin of all other letters. Asthe basis of both the Sanskrit phonemic system and thewritten alphabet, the letter "a" thus comes to be invested withmystical significance as the source of truth, nondifferentiation,and emptiness (SUNYATA), or even of the universe as awhole. The Prajñaparamitasarvatathagatamata-Ekaksara,the shortest of the perfection of wisdom scriptures, alsodescribes how the entirety of the perfection of wisdom is subsumedby this one letter. The letter in the SanskritSiddham alphabet gained special significance within the esotericBuddhist traditions in Japan (MIKKYO), such as Shingon (seeShingonshu), which considered it to be the "seed" (BIJA) ofMahavairocana, the central divinity of esoteric Buddhism,and used it in a distinctive type of meditation called AJIKAN("contemplation of the letter 'a'"). The letter "a," which is saidto be originally uncreated (AJI HONPUSHO), is interpreted to bethe essence of all phenomena in the universe and theDHARMAKAYA of the buddha Mahavairocana. In the East AsianCHAN traditions, the letter "a" is also sometimes understoodto represent the buddha-nature (FOXING, S. BUDDHADHATU) ofall sentient beings.


abhabbatthana. (S. *abhavyasthana; T. *mi rung ba'i gnas;C. buwei; J. fui; K. purwi [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]). In Pali, "condition of beingincapable" or "impossibility"; referring to nine immoral actsor inadequacies of character that an ARHAT is incapable ofperforming or possessing. Because he has destroyed the fourASRAVA, or contaminants—of sensuality (KAMA), becoming(BHAVA), ignorance (AVIDYA), and wrong views (DRSTI)—he isrendered forever "incapable" of engaging in the following acts:(1) deliberately killing any living being; (2) theft; (3) sexualintercourse; (4) deliberately lying; (5) accumulating personalpossessions for sensual indulgence, as would a layperson; orperforming wrong actions prompted by (6) attachment;(7) hatred; (8) stupidity; or (9) fear.

abhasvaracitta. In Sanskrit, "mind of clear light." SeePRABHASVARACITTA.

abhasvaraloka. (P.abhassaraloka; T. 'od gsal ba; C. jiguangjingtian/guangyintian; J. gokukojoten/koonten; K. kukkwangjongch'on/kwangumch'on [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]). In Sanskrit, the"heaven of radiant light" (in Chinese, the name is also parsedas the "heaven of radiant sound"), the highest of the threeheavens associated with the second concentration (DHYANA) ofthe realm of subtle materiality (RUPADHATU). As the BRAHMAdivinities dwelling in this realm perpetually experience this profoundstate of meditation, they are described as subsisting onbliss (PRITI) and abiding in ease (SUKHA). Their bodies radiatelight in all directions like lightning or like flames from a torch.While the bodies of the divinities of this realm are uniform,their perceptions are diverse, and there is no assurance that theywill not be reborn in a lower realm of existence after their death.At the beginning of a world cycle, when the physical world(BHAJANALOKA) of the sensuous realm (KAMADHATU) has notyet been formed, and at the end of a world cycle when thatphysical world has been destroyed, many beings are reborninto the abhasvaraloka. A BODHISATTVA is never reborn in theimmaterial realm (ARUPYADHATU) even if he has achievedmeditative states consistent with that realm, but he may bereborn in the abhasvaraloka. The Buddha once disabused aBrahma god dwelling in that realm of the mistaken view thathe was eternal. This god, whose name was Baka, had been thefirst living being born in the abhasvaraloka after a period ofworld dissolution, and presumed that no one had existed beforehim. When the divinities (DEVA) of the abhasvaraloka are firstreborn in the realm of human beings (MANUSYA), they mayretain their divine attributes for a time, being spontaneouslygenerated rather than born viviparously, and possessing bodiesmade from subtle materiality rather than gross matter. However,as time passes and they take on the physical and mentalcharacteristics of ordinary human beings, they lose their luminosity,develop sexual characteristics, and come to subsist onsolid foods.

abhayadana. (T. mi 'jigs pa sbyin pa; C. wuwei [bu]shi/shi wuwei; J. mui[fu]se/semui; K. muoe[bo]si/si muoe[TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII]). In Sanskrit, the "gift of fearlessness";said to be one of the expanded list of three (sometimesfour) forms of giving/gifts (DANA), along with the "gift ofdharma" (DHARMADANA) and the "gift of material goods"(AMISADANA). This particular type of gift is typically offered byBODHISATTVAs, whose encouragement, consolation, teachingof the dharma, and so forth relieve the...

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Verlag
Princeton University Press
Erscheinungsdatum
2013
Sprache
Englisch
ISBN 10 
0691157863
ISBN 13 
9780691157863
Einband
Gebundene Ausgabe
Anzahl der Seiten
1265
Kontakt zum Hersteller
Princeton University Press
https://press.princeton.edu/books

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