The British Colonies, Vol. 5: Their History, Extent, Condition, and Resources; British India (Classic Reprint) - Hardcover

Inhaltsangabe

Excerpt from The British Colonies, Vol. 5: Their History, Extent, Condition, and Resources; British India

The British Possessions in India cannot, in the 'ordinary sense of the word, be termed colonies; they have been acquired by pur chase, cession, or conquest, at various periods, within the last hundred years, as will be shown in subsequent pages. Up to the year 1784, their affairs were administered by a joint -stock trading body, termed the East India Company, which was originally incorporated ia. 1601, and endowed with exclusive trading privileges in relation to India and China. Since 1784, the political functions of the Company have been con trolled by the direct authority of the Crown, acting through a ministerial board of com missioners for the affairs of India; by this double government the govemor-general, the subordinate governors, the command ers-in-chief of the army and other function aries have been appointed, in the name of the sovereign. In 1813, the mercantile mo nopoly possessed by the Company in the continental portion of the East Indies was abrogated by parliamentary enactment,* and the commerce thrown open to all British subjects but the exclusive trade with China was still left in the hands of the association, and individuals not engaged in the service of the Crown or of the Company were obliged to obtain from the latter a licence or permission to reside in India.

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