Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Professor Rahim Tafazolli is Head of the Mobile Communications Research Group at the Centre for Communication Systems Research, University of Surrey, UK. His research activities are on optimization techniques for mobile multimedia networks, mainly on advance Resource management, Mobility management and Media Access Control. He has published more than 300 research papers in refereed journals, international conferences and as invited speaker, and has more than 15 patents in the field of mobile communications. He is the founder and past Chairman of International Conference on “3G Mobile Technologies”. He is also member of IEE Committee on the UK Regulations on “Information Technology & Telecommunications”, a member of the WWRF Vision Committee, and past Chairman of “New Technologies” group of Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF), and academic co-ordinator of the UK Mobile VCE (Virtual Centre of Excellence).

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As 3G mobile communication systems are being deployed, the research community is now focusing on the research needed for the long-term evolution of 3G and 4G systems. This fully updated second volume of the successful Technologies for the Wireless Future is a unique and timely book, presenting up-to-the-minute ideas and trends in mobile communications. The result of pioneering cooperative work of many academic and industrial researchers from WWRF, this comprehensive single point of reference examines the specifications and requirements of 4G and identifying potential business models, research areas and required spectrum and enabling technologies.

Features a wealth of new material, including three new chapters on short-range wireless communications, security and trust, and self-organisation in communication networks, new coverage of reconfigurability, ad hoc networking and multi-user MIMO. The content will have wide-ranging appeal to engineers, researchers, managers and students with an interest in the future of wireless.

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As 3G mobile communication systems are being deployed, the research community is now focusing on the research needed for the long-term evolution of 3G and 4G systems. This fully updated second volume of the successful Technologies for the Wireless Future is a unique and timely book, presenting up-to-the-minute ideas and trends in mobile communications. The result of pioneering cooperative work of many academic and industrial researchers from WWRF, this comprehensive single point of reference examines the specifications and requirements of 4G and identifying potential business models, research areas and required spectrum and enabling technologies.

Features a wealth of new material, including three new chapters on short-range wireless communications, security and trust, and self-organisation in communication networks, new coverage of reconfigurability, ad hoc networking and multi-user MIMO. The content will have wide-ranging appeal to engineers, researchers, managers and students with an interest in the future of wireless.

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Technologies for the Wireless Future

John Wiley & Sons

Chapter One

Edited by Mikko Uusitalo (Nokia)

Currently, there are approximately two billion mobile phone users worldwide. A rapidly growing fraction of them is using third generation mobile phones. There were about 50 million 3G subscribers in the beginning of August 2005. Research on what will come beyond the third generation has been active since the change of the millennium.

Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF) was established in 2001 to facilitate the road towards the generation beyond the third. By joining forces early, the community could better understand what is relevant in research and thereby reduce risks in research investments. This should ease future standardization. Interactions in WWRF have also created research cooperation of a magnitude bigger than 100 million euros. This is not formally linked to WWRF. There are also many independent ongoing initiatives. All these activities have contributed to starting a discussion on 3G long-term evolution in 3GPP since the end of 2004 and in 3GPP2 since the beginning of 2005.

However, over the years it has become evident that the future is much more complex than a new cellular radio and the related infrastructure. There has been great focus on user perspective and technologies to make the life of the user simpler with better quality of life. There has been substantial innovation in radio lately. In 2003, WWRF Working Group WG on short-range radio was established to reflect this. There is also a major trend toward the convergence of digital industries. In future, the telecommunications industry will be joined by information technology (IT), consumer electronics, broadcasting and media, and entertainment industries to form a common digital industry. Content will be in digital form and usable across the media and industries. The same generalization will apply to services and applications. The different industries have different modes of operation and their convergence will change these. One example of converging industries is the emergence of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.XX standards from the communication needs of IT.

On the basis of the experience of the third generation, future systems should be developed mainly from the user perspective with respect to potential services and applications including traffic demands. Therefore, the WWRF was launched in 2001 as a global and open initiative of manufacturers, network operators, Small and Medium-size Enterprises (SMEs), R&D centres and academic institutions. The WWRF is focused on the vision of such systems - the Wireless World - and potential key technologies. In the past, it took some 10 years for each generation to come to the market. The future will show whether this pattern will be repeated or whether there will be gradual evolution instead of a clear new generation.

One of the main drivers for the WWRF vision is the introduction of new services and the transformation of the network usage model. I-centric services, adjustable to a vast range of user profiles and needs, along with seamless connectivity anywhere, anytime are considered crucial to the vision of the emerging Wireless World. In addition, the cost/benefit ratio will make such services affordable and less expensive than any alternative or traditional solutions. Flexibility, adaptability, reusability, innovative user interfaces, and attractive business models, will be the key to the success of the systems envisioned for deployment beyond the year 2010. This book outlines this vision of the future considering the environmental, contextual, and technical aspects.

The first version of the Book of Visions was published in 2001 (commonly referred to as 'The Book of Visions 2001') and was an early attempt to document the long-term vision of the Wireless World that each one of us will live in. The second version, Technologies for the Wireless Future, volume 1, is complementary to this book. Since 2001, the WWRF WGs have received a constant flow of contributions. Meetings have been unique opportunities for both industry and academia to harmonize their views on the aroused topics. Some of these topics have mobilized several contributors to write common white papers together. This new Book of Visions is the up-to-date collection of those white papers and added complementary material. Hundreds of researchers around the world from every sector of the information and communications industry have contributed and constructed the Wireless World ahead of us, and this book summarizes their collective wisdom.

The Forum has already played the initiator role in the establishment of the Wireless World Initiative (WWI), a European research project, as an initial step towards the basis of future standardization of the beyond 3G systems. WWI involves some 100 organizations under an umbrella of research activities of the order of 100 million euros. Many other smaller research co-operations have been influenced through interactions with WWRF. Right from the beginning the activities and participation in WWRF have been global, especially as the non-European members in WWRF have advanced similar cooperatives in other regions.

The work of WWRF continues at an ever enlarging volume. It is a unique process harmonizing views from both industry and academia. Through the harmonization of their views the participants can join and focus their resources in research and consequently reduce risk for investments in future system development. The WWRF membership is open to all interested in research on and beyond 3G.

1.1 Goals and Objectives - Shaping the Global Wireless Future

WWRF aims to develop a common global vision for future wireless to drive research and standardization. Major items on the road towards this aim are:

influencing decision makers' views of the wireless world;

enabling powerful R&D collaborations;

advancing wireless frontiers to serve our customers.

The major objectives of the WWRF are:

to develop and maintain a consistent vision of the Wireless World;

to generate, identify and promote research areas and technical and society trends for mobile and wireless systems towards the Wireless World;

to identify and assess the potential of new technologies and trends for the Wireless World;

to contribute to the definition of international and national research programmes;

to simplify future standardization processes by harmonization and dissemination of views;

to inform a wider audience about research activities that are focused on the Wireless World.

The other objectives are:

to contribute to the development of a common and comprehensive vision for the Wireless World and to concentrate on the definition of research relevant to the future of mobile and wireless communications, including pre-regulatory impact assessments;

to invite worldwide participation and be open to all actors;

to disseminate and communicate Wireless World concepts;

to provide a platform for the presentation of research results.

The WWRF supports the 3GPP, 3GPP2, European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Universal Mobile Telecommunications Systems (UMTS) Forum and other relevant bodies relating to commercial and standardization issues derived from the research work. However, the...