Arab Spring Dreams: The Next Generation Speaks Out for Freedom and Justice from North Africa to Iran - Softcover

Weddady, Nasser

 
9780230115927: Arab Spring Dreams: The Next Generation Speaks Out for Freedom and Justice from North Africa to Iran

Inhaltsangabe

Young Middle Easterners describe their experiences with the region's laws and cultural mores, including the crime of holding hands before marriage and young women fighting for education. Beautifully written and profoundly moving, these stories present a decisive call for change at a crucial point in the evolution of the Middle East.

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Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Nasser Weddady is the Civil Rights Outreach Director of the American Islamic Congress. He helped design and administer the "Dream Deferred" essay contest, and has helped lead several high-profile campaigns to free imprisoned dissidents in North Africa, Egypt, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, Iran, and beyond.

Sohrab Ahmari is an Iranian-American journalist. His columns, feature stories, and reviews have appeared in The Wall Street Journal, the Boston Globe, The New Republic, and The Chronicle of Higher Education, among others.

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Arab Spring Dreams

The Next Generation Speaks Out for Freedom and Justice from North Africa to Iran

By Nasser Weddady, Sohrab Ahmari

Palgrave Macmillan

Copyright © 2012 American Islamic Congress
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-230-11592-7

Contents

Foreword by Gloria Steinem,
Introduction: A New Generation of Reformers Speaks Out,
PART I TRAPPED,
"I Am Not Ayman!",
Monologue with the Prince,
Living inside 1984,
Leaving Ahlam Behind,
Seeking Salvation,
Citizen or Subject?,
At the Polling Station,
Memoirs of an Egyptian Citizen,
My Medal of Blasphemy,
The Shredded Exam Card,
The Eid al-Adha Bribe,
The Tragedy of My Lover,
Art in a Cage,
Black Like Me,
PART II UNEQUAL,
A Persian Grandmother in Tokyo,
Breaking News: MP Reveals Herself as Banned Poet,
The Sacred Membrane,
The Cat at the Border Crossing,
Women in a Maze,
Women Unwelcome,
The Closing of My Anonymous Blog,
Hijacking the School Play,
Heaven Is Beneath Mothers' Feet,
My Sacred NO!,
PART III BREAKING THROUGH,
Contaminating Minds,
Breaking News: Egyptian Apostate Refuses Asylum,
Every Prayer Is a Gift,
"The Land Is for All",
Triumph of the Half-Naked,
Breaking through the Shari'a Loophole,
Student Liberation Front,
Dreams in a Drawer,
"Iran, I Will Build You Again",
Undermining Decree Six,
Driving toward Equality,
Just Another Day in 2013,
Anonymous No More,
Conclusion: Our Dream Deferred,
Coeditors,
Acknowledgments,
Index,


CHAPTER 1

"I AM NOT AYMAN!"

Anonymous—Egypt—Age 22


Egypt, the most populous Arab nation, was for a good part of the twentieth century the Arab Middle East's political and cultural engine. During the first half of the century, the country boasted a relatively pluralistic society ruled by a weak monarchy not entirely free from British meddling—despite the country's formal independence in 1922. Attracted by a dynamic economy as embodied by Cairo's stock market—one of the region's first— European expats were drawn to pre-Nasser Egypt. Religious minorities like Egyptian Jews and Christian Copts also thrived.

This relatively prosperous period, however, was marred by entrenched poverty among Egyptian peasants, as well as by the monarchy's inability to rid itself of corruption. Not long after independence, the Muslim Brotherhood was born as a reaction to the wide secularist influence on the country's affairs. Despite being formally banned for much of their history, the "Brothers" have exerted enormous influence on Egyptian society and the wider Muslim Mideast—and continue to do so today.

Modern Egypt is more closely associated with the brand of Arab nationalism embodied by Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser. Leading a "Free Officers' Movement," Nasser seized control of the country in a bloodless coup in July 1952, unseating Egypt's last monarch, King Farouk. Nasser and his heirs violently suppressed the Brotherhood and instituted military rule that persists to this day—despite the nonviolent 2011 revolution that overthrew longstanding dictator General Muhammad Hosni Mubarak. While nominally secularist, the Mubarak regime—like those preceding it—was deeply illiberal. This regime suffocated Egyptian civil society while, in a perverse dynamic, empowered reactionary voices like the Brotherhood.

In our opening essay, the contributor places herself in the shoes of a closeted Egyptian gay man and describes his frustrated attempts to stay true to his identity against enormous pressure exerted by a repressive state and an intolerant society. The essay was written against the backdrop of the so-called Queen Boat Incident in 2001, when Egyptian police raided a floating disco on the Nile, arresting fifty-two men who were without female partners. The suspects were subjected to invasive physical examinations to "establish" their homosexuality, accused of being "agents of Israel," and tried on a range of vice charges.

The incident received a great deal of attention from both the regional and Western media. The Egyptian government's sudden crackdown on a tolerated underground gay scene—vividly described by our essayist—was shocking and unexpected to Egyptians and outside observers alike. It crystalized the precarious nature of individual liberty in Mideast societies, where civil rights restrictions are not always enforced but can suddenly spring into effect at the whim of rulers.

The protagonist's inability to translate his web-based identity into the real world parallels the essayist's own self-censorship. For while she offered what is most likely a fictionalized account, the contributor nevertheless insisted that her piece be published anonymously.


THE SCREECH OF TIRES SNAPPED HIM BACK TO ATTENTION, RE-placing the thoughts buzzing around his brain with an anxious immediacy. He stared at the cab driver behind the wheel, her mouth opening and closing over and over for no apparent reason. Her fillings flashed silver at him every few seconds. Her windows were up, rendering her comically mute despite her traffic-induced rage. He had had enough. He would walk the rest of the way. As he did, his mental disarray did not prevent him from giving due respect to the nonexistence of traffic laws in Cairo.

He approached the alleyway that served as one of the city's pickup spots, noting with equal amounts of jealousy and fear the men standing around. They swaggered, clothes torn and tight in the style associated with male homosexuality. Their faces attempted rebellious outrage with courage implied in their plucked eyebrows and slightly rouged cheeks, these visible signs distinguishing them from "real men." And yet he imagined he could detect in them an uncertainty—trepidation born from knowing that others had been taken away for doing just this on other Mondays, Wednesdays, Anydays. He imagined he could see in their cocky stances a readiness for flight.

He had picked this particular spot knowing that it was slightly less conspicuous than others, just in case it were to turn out that he had been tricked all along, and that he had cultivated a relationship with a decoy. He saw Tariq standing a few meters away, wearing the blue striped shirt he had been told to look out for. Never in their online conversations had he shared with Tariq a picture of himself, preferring safe anonymity to the promise of future intimacy. He had not worn his blue-striped shirt, telling himself he did not like the way it looked on him. He could do enough recognizing for both of them.

He held back, trying not to stare at the man he had been talking to for the past eight months. They had planned numerous meetings before. He had many times approached the date with queasy anticipation, calling it off at the last minute. A fictitious business trip one time, an imagined death in the family another. Tariq's patience had brought him here today. A vice informant would not wait this long, he told himself. An informant would not invest so much time creating plausible details.

Or would he? He looked around once more, suspicious, trying to find ill will lurking in the faces subjected to his exacting scrutiny. He cleared his throat. Then he took what he imagined some novelists he had read meant by "a measured breath." Sweat trickled into his eyes, a burning rivulet of building anxiety he was trying to keep under control. He...

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