Atlas and Essentials of Pathological Anatomy (Volume 2); Urinary Apparatus, Sexual Organs, Nervous System, and Bones - Softcover

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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1898. Excerpt: ... Nervous Apparatus. DISEASES OF THE NEKVOUS SYSTEM. DISEASES OF THE DURA MATER. Inflammatory processes involving the dura mater (pachymeningitis) are either benign in character or of infectious origin. According as the inflammation is localized upon the inner or upon the outer surface of the dura, it is customary to speak of it as a pachymeningitis interna or a pachymeningitis externa. A very common form of the disease is that which bears the name of chronic adhesive and fibrous 'pachymeningitis. In this form the dura will be found to be more or less firmly adherent to the inner table of the skull, thickened (through increase of the connective tissue), and opaque. In the higher degrees of the disease this membrane feels stiff and tough like leather. In its character of bone periosteum this membrane, when inflamed, often produces thickening and hyperostosis of the skull cap--pachymeningitis ossificans. This form of periostitis occurs especially in old age, as an accompaniment of circulatory disturbances, chronic alcoholism, psychoses, etc. Pachymeningitis Interna Hemorrhagica. (Plate 81.) The commonest form of inflammation of the dura mater is that which is known as pachymeningitis interna hcemorrhagica or vasculosa. At the commencement of the disease the internal surface of the dura, especially over the cerebral hemispheres, will be found covered with a delicate, veil-like coating of a bright red or a dark red color, and easily removable from the membrane. This pseudo-membrane, which is composed partly of fibrin and partly of newly formed and quickly vascularized connective tissue, increases in thickness, sometimes quite fast, at other times more slowly; and in it may be seen, either with the unaided eye or by means of the microscope, both diffuse and punc...

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