The Role of the Solvent in Chemical Reactions (Oxford Chemistry Masters, 6) - Softcover

Inhaltsangabe

The role of the solvent in chemical reactions is one of immediate and daily concern to the practising chemist. Whether in the laboratory, or in industry, most reactions are carried out in the liquid phase. In the majority of these, one or two reacting components, or reagents, are dissolved in a suitable medium and the reaction is allowed to take place. Given the importance of solvent, the need for an in-depth understanding of this topic is obvious. However, many inorganic and organic chemistry texts only make passing references to solvents, or worse still, fail to mention that a given reaction takes place in a particular solvent at all. This book successfully addresses the gap in our understanding of solvent chemistry, and brings the role of the solvent rightly to the fore. The book begins with a summary of essential thermodynamic and kinetic facts, emphasizing aspects of these fields, where relevant, to reactions in solution. Chapter 2 introduces the reader to the role of the solvent purely as a medium, touching on early theories based on electrostatic considerations (Born and Kirkwood-Onsager) and the solubility parameter (Hildebrand). Chapter 3 discusses the role of solvent as an active participant, chiefly through hydrogen bonding, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis acid-base interactions, including hard and soft acids and bases. The ability of solvents to serve as media for oxidation and reduction is also touched upon. There then follows a chapter on chemometrics; the application of statistical methods to chemical phenomena and spectra, chiefly linear free energy correlations and principal component analysis.

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