Thermal Ablation Therapy: Theory and Simulation - Softcover

Über die Autorinnen und Autoren

Amira S. Ashour is an Assistant Professor and Head of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt. She is a member in the Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt. She received the B.Eng. degree in Electrical Engineering from Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt in 1997, M.Sc. in Image Processing in 2001 and Ph.D. in Smart Antenna in 2005 from Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Egypt. Ashour has been the Vice Chair of Computer Engineering Department, Computers and Information Technology College, Taif University, KSA for one year from 2015. She has been the vice chair of CS department, CIT college, Taif University, KSA for 5 years. Her research interests are Smart antenna, Direction of arrival estimation, Targets tracking, Image processing, Medical imaging, Machine learning, Biomedical Systems, Pattern recognition, Image analysis, Computer vision, Computer-aided detection and diagnosis systems, Optimization, and Neutrosophic theory. She has 15 books and about 150 published journal papers. She is an Editor-in-Chief for the International Journal of Synthetic Emotions (IJSE), IGI Global, US.

Yanhui Guo is currently an Assistant professor in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Illinois at Springfield, USA. He received his B. S. degree in Automatic Control from Zhengzhou University, China, M.S. degree in Pattern Recognition and Intelligence System from Harbin Institute of Technology, China, and Ph.D. degree in the Department of Computer Science, Utah State University, USA. Dr. Guo has published more than 80 journal papers and 30 top conference papers, completed 11 grant funded research projects, and worked as an associate editor of different international journals, reviewers for top journals and conferences. His research area includes neutrosophic theory, computer vision, machine learning, big data analytics, computer aided detection/diagnosis, and computer assist surgery.

Waleed S. Mohamed received his MSc. in Internal Medicine from Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt in 1993 and M.D in Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt in 2000. He is Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt from 2011 till now. Prof. Waleed is currently the Head of the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta Univ., Egypt. He is Consultant of Gastroenterology & Diabetology and Consultant of Ultrasonography and Color Doppler in Tanta University, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt and previously the same in Taif University, KSA for 10 years from 2006 till 2016. He was Professor and chairperson of Human Resource Unit, Taif College of Medicine, Taif University, KSA for 10 years. He was the Medical director of Taif University Medical Outpatient Clinics, KSA for 10 years from 2006. He is member in the editorial board of the Immunoendocrinology journal and Journal of Liver and Pancreatic Diseases (JLPD). He is a reviewer in several international journals. His research interests include Hepatology, Gastroenterology, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Herbal medicine, Medical education and Healthcare quality. He has 2 books and 60 published papers in international journals and conferences. He is a life member of Egyptian Society of Blood Diseases, Arab Society for Studying Liver Diseases, Egyptian Association of Kidney, Egyptian Association of Liver, Gastrointestinal and Tropical Diseases and Egyptian Association of Diabetes and Metabolism.

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Thermal Ablation Therapy: Theory and Simulation includes detailed theoretical and technical concepts of thermal ablation therapy in the different body organs. The concepts of ablation technology based on the different thermal ablation methods are introduced in the book. Since the radiation pattern and the effect of the heat/cooling depends on the characteristics of the tissues and the size of the tumor, the book studies these factors using different energy sources. The changes in the tissues’ mechanical properties due to the thermal denaturation are also discussed. The book emphasizes the mathematical and engineering concepts of the RF and MW energy propagation through the tissues and the heating effect, where the high heating rate produced by the MW systems can overcome the heat-sink effects from nearby vessels, creating more uniform ablation zones. The design and tuning of the MW antennas to deliver energy efficiently to specific organ systems, such as the liver or lung is also studied in this book. The computational modeling of the radiofrequency ablation and the microwave ablation procedures for developing and implementing new efficient ablation in clinical systems is one of the main contents of this book. Numerical simulations for different scenarios of different organs with different size using RF and MW ablation systems with different antennas’/probes design and configurations are extensively included in this book. Numerical techniques for the temperature profile in tissue include the finite integration technique (FIT), finite element method (FEM), finite–difference time-domain (FDTD) and method of moments (MoM). These methods are widely used to discretize the partial differential equations (PDEs) in space and time. Such simulation will be performed in this book by using Matlab software by building finite element models or Comsol software, which is mainly concerned with building physical models to examine the thermal effect of the different antennas design on the tumor tissues and their neighbor normal tissues. COMSOL Multiphysics software is fortified with FEM to provide the required tools to build simulation applications relating to biological materials, physics components selection (electromagnetic and heat transfer), antenna geometry, and meshing. This is efficient to predict the electromagnetic waves propagation from the antennas of arbitrary geometry and to evaluate the antenna performance metrics. Thermal Ablation Therapy: Theory and Simulation also covers energy deposition from the applied electromagnetic fields, and heat generation as well as the subsequent water and vapor mass transfer in the tissues to determine the thermal dose or surviving fraction of the cells. The ablation process stating from locating the tumors using ultrasound, CT, or MR imaging devices till determining the required heating dose and the effect on the tissues with the proper antenna selection is discussed in the book. Then, essentially the patient is turned into an electrical circuit by placing grounding pads on the thighs. The different temperature-dependent and temperature-independent models are also introduced in the book, where the mathematical functions used to model the temperature-dependence of the electrical and thermal conductivities of biological tissue in the ablation systems are presented. A bio-heat model to evaluate the use of high-temperature thermal ablation therapies of diseased tissues is included. A comparison between the different ablation techniques is conducted in the book. This volume also discusses several applications in different real-life thermal ablation therapies. This cutting-edge book highlights the simulation and challenges to design the antenna of the RF and MW ablation probes.

Thermal Ablation Therapy: Theory and Simulation includes: highlights on the medical concepts of ablation, tissues types and characteristics, effect of heating and cooling on different tissues and organs, the concept/ advantages/disadvantages of radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, antenna design requirements, simulation scenarios of the different cases (different probes and tissues), and finally, the challenges and new perspectives in thermal ablation therapy.