Forced Justice: School Desegregation and the Law - Hardcover

"A compelling argument for..."equity choice..".and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice..".and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice."..and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall StreetJournal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice.,."and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice., ."and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice, .."and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice.,."and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University "A compelling argument for..."equity choice..."and a significant contribution of the discussion of desegregation in America...."--The Indianapolis Star "Mr. Armor's study debunks the myths underlying 25 years of disastrous judicial activism. Even more significantly, it points the way to a solution--parental choice--that just might help fulfill the promise of equal opportunity for the nation's most disadvantaged schoolchildren."--The Wall Street Journal "Likely to set off a fresh debate among lawyers, educators and social scientists...."--The New York Times Book Review "Forced Justice is the most thorough and incisive examination of school desegregation I am aware of. Armor's idea of equity choice is one of those perfectly reasonable solutions to a complex problem that seems embarrassingly obvious once you hear it. This book will change the discussion of school desegregation in America."--Shelby Steele, author, The Content of Our Character: A New Vision of Race in America "As the era of compulsory busing for school desegregation comes to a close, David Armor examines the evidence dispassionately. He finds that the benefits of this policy were usually minuscule, and the cost often enormous. Forced Justice is a persuasive, detailed analysis of one of the most divisive policy initiatives in modern American history. It proves beyond doubt that good intentions are often not enough."--Glenn Loury, Boston University

After twenty-five years of experience and research concerning desegregation, Armor considers where desegregation policy has failed, where it has succeeded, and where it may be headed. Armor shows how he arrived at his conclusions by reviewing major social science studies and drawing on extensive case materials.